Clinical Utility of Mentzer Index in Pregnancy Anemia Screening Programs: A Narrative Review

Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu

doi:10.22270/ajdhs.v5i1.118

Authors

Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu Department of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, Africa University, Zimbabwe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4538-0161

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22270/ajdhs.v5i1.118

Keywords:

Mentzer Index, Pregnancy anemia, anemia screening, clinical utility, iron deficiency anemia

Abstract

Anemia in pregnancy is a prevalent condition that can lead to severe complications for both mothers and their fetuses. Differentiating between the causes of anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and thalassemia traits, is crucial for appropriate treatment. The Mentzer Index (MI) is a simple, cost-effective tool used to distinguish between these two common causes of microcytic anemia by comparing the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) to the red blood cell (RBC) count. This review explores the clinical utility of the MI in pregnancy anemia screening programs, highlighting its advantages, limitations, and potential role in improving diagnosis and management. The Mentzer Index has proven to be an effective first-line diagnostic tool, especially in resource-limited settings where advanced testing may not be readily available. By providing a straightforward method to differentiate IDA from thalassemia traits, the MI helps prevent the inappropriate use of iron supplements, which can exacerbate complications in individuals with thalassemia. Additionally, its simplicity allows for its incorporation into routine prenatal care, improving the efficiency of anemia screening programs and facilitating early intervention. Despite its benefits, the MI has limitations, including its reduced accuracy in pregnancy due to physiological changes and mixed anemia.

Keywords: Mentzer Index, pregnancy anemia, anemia screening, clinical utility, iron deficiency anemia

Author Biography

Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu, Department of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, Africa University, Zimbabwe

Department of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, Africa University, Zimbabwe

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